Amara Osei-Bonsu

A Columbia spinout's delivery patents could outmaneuver Big Pharma's narrower formulation claims.

Lung delivery of insulin revealed what any peptide must overcome to reach the bloodstream.

High-dose GLP-1 drugs may spare muscle more than previously thought.

Distinguishing normal side effects from a serious diagnosis requires testing, not guesswork.

GLP-1 drugs trigger skin reactions through receptors in dermal tissue, not just systemic effects.

Appetite and other health markers rebound sharply within weeks of stopping treatment.

Scientists pinpoint how GLP-1 drugs hijack the brain's poison-detection system to trigger nausea.

The biology of depot formation, not manufacturing flaws, explains why injection sites react.

Most patients adapt within one to three months, but seven in ten quit before that window closes.

Decades of use means decades of side effects still being discovered and tallied.

Depot technology solves adherence but struggles to maintain stable drug levels in the blood.

Multiple pathways in heart and blood vessels explain how GLP-1 drugs cut cardiovascular risk.

GLP-1 drugs reduce liver fat and inflammation, but struggle to reverse fibrosis.

GLP-1 drugs reshape sleep architecture through brain circuits most trials never measured.

Diabetes drugs show promise reducing opioid cravings by targeting brain reward circuits.

Inflammation in the hypothalamus, not willpower, drives obesity and resists weight loss.